Ghana has a stunning coastline with over 90 lagoons, covering a 550 km stretch. The Keta Lagoon, also known as Anlo-Keta Lagoon, is the largest and most notable one. It’s a vital habitat for numerous plant and animal species.
Geography and Climate
The lagoon is situated on the eastern coast of Ghana, surrounded by floodplains and mangrove swamps. The climate is tropical savanna, with a mean daily maximum temperature of 30°C (86°F) and a mean daily minimum temperature of 28°C (82°F).
Economic Importance
The lagoon supports the local economy through fishing, boat transportation, and salt production. Coconut trees and aquatic reeds are also harvested, providing alternative livelihoods for the people.
Spiritual Significance
The lagoon holds spiritual significance for the traditional Anlo people, who believe in gods that must be worshiped for a bountiful catch.
Biodiversity Conservation
The lagoon is home to various species of mangroves, crabs, shrimps, and raffia plants. It’s also a spawning zone for fingerlings and a habitat for native fishes.
Fishing and Bird Life
Fishing is a common activity in the lagoon, with drag nets, bottles, hook and line, and traps being used. The lagoon is also an important site for waterbirds, with over 76 species recorded, including globally significant numbers of 21 species.
Salt Production
Salt production is another significant activity in the lagoon, with salt being harvested from the saline waters during the harmattan season.
In summary, Ghana’s lagoons are a vital part of the country’s ecosystem, supporting biodiversity, the local economy, and spiritual practices.